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Inhabited for centuries by numerous tribes, Lithuania was unified in the 13th century by Mindaugas, establishing first a Kingdom and then a Duchy. The last European nation to abandon paganism, between the fourteenth and fifteenth centuries it had a rapid territorial expansion, until it became the largest nation in Europe [5], whose control also covered modern-day Belarus and the western regions of Ukraine. In 1569 the Grand Duchy of Lithuania formed a confederation with the neighboring Kingdom of Poland and together with the latter it underwent various territorial divisions in the second half of the 18th century, until its annexation to the Russian Empire in 1795.